Electrical device and its use are effective

Currently, almost everyone wants to learn how to save electricity in everyday life.Energy savings in everyday life are very popular, as it does not require special investment, but can save it significantly

Electric tariffs are constantly evolving.That's why many people try to limit their costs.There are currently a large number of special information that will help adhere to the basic rules of energy consumption culture.If you are interested, then you can read about compensation for reactive power.

Savings at public places lights

Usually, to solve such a problem, you need to set a motion sensor.They will help include lighting only within the required period.If such a device is covered at the entrance, then you should keep in mind that your home will save a large amount of funds.If necessary, you can also save your funds significantly.To implement this process, you need to install the semiconductor diode in the wire break.

Now the diode needs to be placed in the circuit breaker.The diode will run a certain amount of electricity through itself.The voltage will be significantly reduced, and you can be able to save your funds significantly.

Electric savings while using household appliances

Electricity in everyday life accounts for 9-10% of all required energy.And even when using household electrical engineering, the possibility of energy conservation (compared to heating and hot water) is limited, but according to the bill you pay, you see that this type of energy is relative to the road.When buying household electrical engineering, look at energy consumption, compare various models and manufacturers.

In the family of 4 people 1/5 electricity, it will take care of goods and clothes.The use of modern technology and changes in our habits will save up to 40% of electricity

Energy savings in the kitchen

If you plan to use an electric kettle, then there is no need to fill it to the end.Water must be poured in such quantities sufficient for a certain period.This must be done so that the kettle does not use additional electricity.If you plan to use an electric kitchen, then you should keep in mind that to store the important tool, you need to choose a dish that will fully fit the size of the plate.If you are interested, then you can also read about energy thermostats.

The main instructions of conservation of energy in everyday life

Depending on the climate conditions, the type and size of the residential system, heating, gas availability, specific steps aimed at saving resources may vary.But the main instructions for increasing energy efficiency in everyday life are:

• Heat savings.Wall insulation, ceiling and basement.Replacing windows and doors with new metal -plastic or old mergers, cracks and sealing holes.Installation behind an aluminum foil heating battery or heat heating screen.Replace cast iron radiator with bimetallic or aluminum.Glazing loggia and balcony.All steps in the complex will help increase the temperature in the room by 4-5 degrees without increasing the cost of coiner.
• Save water.Installation of water -used metering devices.Replacing the rotating crane on the mixer with a lever switch.Check and repair drain tanks in the toilet, installation of two leather tanks.Less often shower, use more baths.Do not turn the water on full flow without much need.When shaving and brushing your teeth, cover the crane.Use a dishwasher and a washing machine by loading it.In general, it is possible to reduce water flow by 3-4 times.
• Gas savings.With individual gas heating, all steps aimed at maintaining heat and hot water automatically leads to gas savings.When cooking, it is rational to use modern stainless steel dishes with polished bottom.All dishes should be clean and even, according to the size of the burner.Check the density next to the oven door so that the hot air does not come out.The prospect of cost reduction is 2-3 times.

Energy -The illumination of the lighting

Usually, apartments with long corridors use burning lighting.To start saving, you need to use energy incandescent lamps.These lights have a long guarantee and therefore you can definitely save important funds.If you are planning to choose high quality lamps, then you should choose a good manufacturer.

Also, if you plan to save important funds, then you only need to use light wallpaper.Try not to ignore the natural light in your home.

Energy consumption in everyday life - where can I save?

Of all energy consumption in everyday life, lion parts - 79% go to premises heating, 15% energy is spent on heat processes (water heating, cooking, etc.), 5% energy using electric home appliances and energy 1% consumed for lighting, radio and television equipment.

What is 1 kW of energy?

You need 1 kW energy for:

• 50 hours to listen to the radio;
• 110 hours of shaving with electric eyebrows;
• For 17 hours, let the light burn 60 watts;
• 12 hours watching color TV;
• 2 hours vacuum;
• 5 minutes bath;
• Heat at 6 degrees full water (150 l).

Safe work with electricity in everyday life

Electricity has served almost two centuries for almost two centuries, and from year to year its role in modern people's lives is increasing.We can also boldly say that electricity has penetrated almost all of the most important areas of the life of modern society.

Extensive use of electricity is associated, first of all, with a relative mechanism to turn it into another type of energy.With the help of various types of heating devices, one has successfully received the thermal energy for cooking or heating the premises.In lighting devices, electricity turns into light, and with the help of electric motors, we easily turn electricity into mechanical energy.

But with all this, it is necessary to keep in mind that despite the visible and simplicity of electricity, significant threats to human life and health can be hidden.When using a variety of mechanisms to convert electricity, one should not forget a minute about compliance with precautions and safe methods of working in electrical circuits and with household appliances included in this circuit.

It significantly complicates the situation that the electric current is not possible to see or hear either.We can detect the presence of electric current in the conductor only with the help of measuring devices designed specifically for this purpose.

Therefore, the first condition for proper use of energy during proper electricity should be compulsory with basic rules and techniques to work safely.Studies on the causes of electricity in everyday life show that these causes have not changed for decades.

The main causes of electrouatism in everyday life are:

• violations of basic rules and methods of working with electricity;
• damaged home appliances;
• careless control of electrical installation in personal plot;
• Attempts to repair electrical appliances and electrical wiring independently by people with no skills and qualifications needed.

It is necessary to remember some of the most common rules, compliance that will allow you to protect yourself from all kinds of problems that often arise during household equipment operation:

1. Often, the cause of electrical shock destroys electrical wiring insulation (or electroshnuers) in places that are accessible to touch them.For this reason, it is necessary to periodically conduct an external examination of electrical wiring and check the resistance of the wire insulation, and if the insulation violation is detected, take the most urgent steps to recover.
2. All electrical circuits must be protected from short circuits and loads using automatic circuit breakers or slippery inserts installed on the corresponding line (in home distribution shields or apartments).The current installation of this device needs to be calibrated so that the protection device is triggered on the current exceeding the specified value.
3. The operation of the electrical network of the apartment is only possible with the installation element that can be fully utilized (sockets, distribution boxes, switches, etc.).
4. Cord of household electrical appliances at a place of damage or conductive core breakdown can be heated, which is often the cause of wire fire.Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor the wire marketability and network rope fork.
5. Before repairing a failed electrical appliance, it is necessary to turn off this electrical appliance from the network.But the optimal solution in this case is a qualified specialist invitation that will quickly and efficiently eliminate damage.
6. It is necessary to monitor the presence of the protective policy of all metal parts and electrical installation housing.Protective Grounding will protect you from electrical shock if it violates electrical wiring insulation and when a network voltage appears in the case of electrical appliances.

Chronology of practical electricity consumption

Almost at the same time, electrical theory initiates the history of electric practical applications.In 1809, the English Delagu was built the first incandescent lamp with tungsten thread.But these lamps are different from modern incandescent lamps, such as car wheels from the boat slope.

65 years passed until July 11, 1874, Alexander Nikolaevich Lodygin did not patent the first incandescent lamp in a vacuum flask.In general, in this decade of the 19th century, the lamp was created as a "hot pie".

This is a DidRichson lamp (a better lodygin lamp), and yablochkov candle (the first lamp where it is not necessary to maintain the distance between the electrode) and the edison lamp with the incandescent platinum yarn in 1879. By the way, the edison is the first to create (patented) switch.

But platinum yarn was not widely used after lodygin in 1890 in 1890 incandescent threads from refractory materials: molybdenum and tungsten.The tungsten thread still illuminates most people.

Production of incandescent lighting industry began in 1905. Industrial production became possible based on patent No.34541 of two Hungari: Sandora Eustor and Frano Hanaman in 1904.

Practical use of electricity does not only apply to home and street lighting.AC transformers are created, electric motors are created, first operate from direct current, then asynchronous motor alternating current.

But the basis of the basic use of electricity is the development or production of electric current with electric stations.The first power station is the energy generator of the energy to convert the steam machine into the electricity.

Initially, electric generators provided electricity for factories, separate workshops.In 1880, the first city power plant was built.The first power station was built in 1882 in New York under the same edison.

Savings with reasonable self -help can be a large sum of money.Let us think of some simple but effective energy conservation methods in our daily lives.

Heat savings

The window and door block insulation allows you to increase the temperature in the apartments and homes by 4-5 ° C and leave an electric heater, which uses up to 4000 kW ∙ h throughout the season.There are several simple insulation ways:

• Flakes cracked in windows and door frames.For this, foam installation, self -sealing ribbon, silicone and acrylic sealing, and more are used.The result is an increase in air temperature in the room by 1-2 degrees;
• Cover Narthex windows and doors with the help of various seals and gaskets.The window seal is performed not only around the perimeter, but also between the frames.The result is an increase in room temperature by 1-3 degrees;
• Installation of new plastic or wooden windows with multiple double windows, glass with film and hot ventilator.Then the temperature in the room will be stable in the winter and in the summer, air - fresh, the need to open the windows periodically disappears, removing large amounts of warm air.The result is an increase in room temperature by 2-5 degrees and a decrease in street noise;
• Installation of the second door at the entrance to the apartment (home).The result is an increase in room temperature by 1-2 degrees, decreased external sound levels and gas content;
• Installation of heat heating screen (or aluminum foil) on the wall behind the heating radiator.The result is an increase in room temperature by 1 degree.Try not to close the radiator with compact curtains, screens, furniture - heat will be distributed more efficiently in the room.Replace cast iron radiators with aluminum: their heat transfer is 40-50% higher.If the radiator is installed taking into account simple removal, it is possible to rinse it regularly, which also helps increase heat transfer.Glazing balcony or loggia is equal by installing an additional window.This creates a heat buffer with an intermediate temperature of 10 ° C higher than on the road, in severe frost.It is not uncommon when there is a problem not with heat deficiency, but with its advantages.The solution will be the thermostat installation on the radiator.

The savings of electricity

Replace regular incandescent lamps with LEDs.Their service life is 20 times more than incandescent lamps, its use is 8 times lower.During operation, the light pays itself 8-10 times.Use local lights when there is no need for general lighting.Take the rules, leave the room, extinguish the light.Disconnect the device in standby mode for a long time.TVs, computers, music centers in standby mode using energy from 3 to 10 W ∙ h.During the year, these equipment, including chargers left in the socket, will provide an additional energy consumption of 200-300 kWh.

Use at least energy efficiency techniques A. Extra energy consumption for home -based household devices is about 50%.

Do not install the refrigerator next to a gas stove or a heating radiator.This increases energy consumption by refrigerator by 20-30%.The refrigerator seal should be clean and fit the body and door.Even the small gap in the seal increases energy consumption by 20-30%.Cold to room temperature products before their placement in the refrigerator.Don't forget to minimize the refrigerator more often

Do not close the refrigerator radiator, leave the gap between the room wall and the back wall of the refrigerator so that it can cool.

If you have an electric kitchen in your kitchen, make sure the burner is not defective and next to the bottom of the heated dish.This will eliminate excessive use of heat and electricity.

Do not turn on the kitchen first and turn it off a little earlier than it is needed to prepare the dish.Boil in the electric kettle as much as you need to use.

Use light colors when decorating the apartment wall.Light walls, light curtains, clean windows, reasonable colors reduce the cost of lighting by 10-15%.

Write electric meter readings and analysis of how to reduce electricity consumption.

Turn off or transfer the computer into sleep mode if there is no need for continuous operation.With continuous work, computers, computers use 70-120 kW ∙ h a month.If necessary, continuous operations are more efficient to use laptops or computers with reduced energy consumption.In general, it is possible to reduce electricity consumption by 40-50% without reducing the quality of life and damage to habits.

Saves the water

Make sure you install the water meter.This will lead to reducing water flow.Install the lever switch on the faucets instead of the rotating crane.Water savings will be 10-15% plus facilities in temperature selection.Do not turn on water for full pressure.In 90% of cases, small jets are enough, water consumption is reduced by 4-5 times.When washing and bathing, turn off the water when there is no need.The bath takes 10-20 times less water to receive a bath.Significant water savings occur when two drain tanks are used.It is necessary to check the presence of water leaks from the drain tank, which occurs due to old accessories.Replacing accessories is not a very expensive event, but water savings are important.Through a thin leakage, you can lose a few cubic meters of water a month.In general, the reduction of water consumption is 4 times - the task is quite realized and low.

Gas savings

Gas savings are mainly relevant if the gas meter is installed in the apartment, there is an individual heating point.In this case, all steps to save heat and hot water lead to gas storage.During cooking, there is also an opportunity to save gas:

• Burning fire cannot exceed the bottom of the pan, pan, kettle, otherwise you only heat the air in the apartment (save 50% or more);
• The bottom of the dish is defective leading to overspended gas up to 50%;
• The dishes where the food should be cleaned should be clean and not buried.Contaminated dishes require 4-6 times more gas for cooking;
• Use economic dishes, this quality is usually indicated by its manufacturers.The most energy economic products are made of stainless steel with polished bottom, especially with copper or aluminum layers.Aluminum dishes, enamel, with Teflon coating are non -economical;
• The oven door should fit the plate body and not release the hot air.In general, the use of gas alone provides a reduction in its use 2 times, the use of the proposed steps -about 3 times.

Energy efficiency for modern society is an act.The use of heat, electricity, water, gas allows you to reduce its own costs and improve environmental conditions on the planet as a whole.

Conclusion

Development is quite long, but the rapid use of electricity is practical, no doubt is the biggest achievement of humans.But no matter what the big power plant works in our country, everything is far.For users, the main and family are electricians and their home.How to create electrical wiring in an apartment and home, where electrical networks are used for domestic needs, how to produce electrical equipment, how to repair electricians with your own hands.